Learn about Ile Awon Agbe, Cocoa House, the first skyscraper in West Africa, its history, fire incident, and cultural significance.
In the bustling heart of Dugbe, Ibadan, stands Cocoa House, a towering symbol of Nigeria's rich agricultural heritage and economic prosperity. Completed in 1965, this 26-story skyscraper, originally named "Ile Awon Agbe" (House of Farmers), was constructed using proceeds from cocoa exports, reflecting the pivotal role of agriculture in the nation's development. At 105 meters, it held the distinction of being the tallest building in West Africa at the time, embodying the vision and ambition of the Western Region's leadership.
The inception of Cocoa House was driven by the foresight of Chief Obafemi Awolowo, the Premier of the Western Region, who envisioned a monument that would not only serve as a commercial hub but also stand as a testament to the region's agricultural success. The building's construction was undertaken by the Italian firm Cappa and D'Alberto, renowned for their expertise in civil engineering. The choice of location in Dugbe, a major commercial area in Ibadan, was strategic, positioning the skyscraper at the center of economic activities.
The architectural design of Cocoa House was both functional and symbolic. The inclusion of a cocoa tree planted in front of the building, adjacent to a water fountain, served as a constant reminder of the source of the region's wealth. The structure housed various offices, becoming the headquarters for several investments of the Western Regional Government, which later operated under the conglomerate known as Odu’a Investment Company Limited. This conglomerate managed numerous enterprises, including Wemabod Estates Limited, Cocoa Industries Limited, and Lagos Airport Hotel, among others.
Tragedy struck on January 9, 1985, when a fire, reportedly caused by a malfunctioning electrical device, engulfed the building. The inferno led to significant damage, rendering the skyscraper unusable for several years. The fire consumed everything within the building, and the lack of adequate firefighting equipment exacerbated the situation. However, the resilience of the stakeholders led to the initiation of reconstruction plans. By August 1992, Cocoa House was rehabilitated and reopened to the public, restoring its status as a central figure in Ibadan's skyline.
Today, Cocoa House continues to serve as a commercial hub, housing offices for major firms and broadcasting companies. Notably, the Odu’a Investment Company Limited occupies three floors of the building. The 24th floor is home to the Odu’a Museum and Hall of Fame, inaugurated in 2013 by Nobel Laureate Professor Wole Soyinka. This museum offers visitors a glimpse into Yoruba culture and history, displaying early Yoruba artwork, clothing, kitchenware, tools of war, and other artifacts that narrate the story of the Yoruba people. The Hall of Fame honors individuals who have made significant contributions to society, preserving their legacies for future generations.
The preservation and continued use of Cocoa House underscore its enduring significance. Managed by Wemabod Estates Limited, a subsidiary of the O’dua Group of Companies, the building stands as a monument to the vision and industriousness of Nigeria's past leaders. It serves as a reminder of the heights that can be achieved through dedication and the judicious use of resources. For visitors and residents alike, Cocoa House offers not just office spaces but a journey through history, culture, and the unyielding spirit of a people determined to build a prosperous future.
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